Blueberry full fertilization plan

Characteristics of blueberry fertilizer requirements

1. Blueberries are a typical calcium deficient plant, and when cultivated in calcareous soil, they often lead to iron deficiency and chlorosis induced by excessive calcium.

2. Blueberries belong to oligotrophic plants, and compared with other fruit trees, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in the tree body is very low. Due to this characteristic, special precautions should be taken during blueberry fertilization to avoid excessive fertilizer damage.

3. Another characteristic of blueberries is that they belong to ammonium nitrogen loving fruit trees, which have a strong absorption capacity for ammonium nitrogen in the soil compared to nitrate nitrogen.

4. When blueberries are planted, organic matter is usually added to the soil or covered on the surface, so blueberry fertilization mainly refers to topdressing. In blueberry cultivation, farmyard manure is rarely applied. 5. The use of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratios is advocated in blueberry fertilization. The fertilizer ratio mostly tends to be 1:1:1. On soils with high organic matter content, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is reduced, and the optimal ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is 1:2:3; On mineral soils, the phosphorus and potassium content is high, and the appropriate ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is 1:1 or 2:1:1. Generally, the usage of pure potassium (K2O) is 6 kilograms per mu, and nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and so on.

The Fertilization Period of Blueberries

Basic fertilizer can be applied from the autumnal equinox to before soil freezing, mostly during the defoliation period (early to mid November). The basal fertilizer application rate for late maturing and early maturing blueberry varieties should account for 50% to 60% and 55% to 65% of the total fertilization amount, respectively.

Topdressing should be applied in stages according to the characteristics of tree age and its phenological stage. Apply 10-15 days before germination for the first time, with a ratio of 2:1:1 for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; Apply for the second time in May after fruiting, with a ratio of 1:1:1 for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; The third application should be applied 10 days before harvest, with a ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium of 1:2:3, in order to promote fruit enlargement, improve yield and quality.

Fertilization methods for blueberries

The blueberry root system is a fibrous root system with weak absorption capacity, and the root system is mostly concentrated at the outer edge or slightly far from the crown projection. Therefore, the fertilization site should mainly focus on these areas where the root system is concentrated to induce the root system to develop outward and expand the absorption area, and cannot be too close or too far away. The method and location of fertilization vary depending on the type of fertilizer used. Blueberry has a shallow root system and is mostly distributed within a range of 20 centimeters on the ground. Therefore, the fertilization depth should not be too deep, and it is advisable to use 5-20 centimeters.

1. There are three main types of basal fertilizer application: circular fertilization method, strip ditch fertilization method, and whole garden post tillage method. The circular fertilization method is suitable for fertilizing young trees. The specific method is to dig a trench with a width of 20-30 centimeters and a depth of 15-20 centimeters at the vertical projection edge of the tree crown, with the trunk as the center. During production, attention should be paid to not pouring fertilizers into the ditch in a concentrated manner, and they should be applied layer by layer. The strip ditch fertilization method is suitable for producing large trees, which involves digging a strip ditch at the vertical projection edge of the crown between rows of blueberry trees, mixing fertilizer with soil, and applying it into the ditch. The whole orchard spraying method is suitable for producing blueberry orchards. Spread the fertilizer evenly and combine it with autumn plowing to plow 10-20 centimeters deep. Pour the fertilizer underground, but be careful not to use too much fertilizer near the trees. Adult trees use 15 kilograms/acre of Stanley pure sulfur based 17-17-17 compound fertilizer, while young trees use reduced amounts.

2. Topdressing mainly involves drip irrigation and fertilization, which can be applied in stages such as sprouting, fruit swelling, and 10 days before fruit picking with watering. During the sprouting and fruiting stages of adult trees, Stanley water-soluble fertilizer 20-20-20 can be used at a rate of 5 kg/mu per time. Ten days before harvesting, Stanley low nitrogen, high phosphorus, and high potassium water-soluble fertilizer can be used at a rate of 3 kg/mu, with a general concentration of around 0.3%. Reduce the use of young trees.

3. Topdressing outside the roots refers to spraying fertilizer on the tree body. Zinc supplementation before sprouting, boron fertilizer spraying during flowering, calcium supplementation after fruit setting, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate as the main ingredient during fruit enlargement. Spraying foliar fertilizer should be carried out on cloudy or sunny mornings or afternoons with temperatures ranging from 18 to 25 ℃. The general concentration is 0.2%.