Whole process fertilization plan for corn

Corn plays an important role in grain production, and scientific fertilization is a key measure in corn cultivation. Blind fertilization in production often occurs, such as excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer and insufficient use of potassium and micronutrient fertilizers, resulting in soil nutrient imbalance and a decrease in fertilizer utilization efficiency. Therefore, we should use the fertilizer demand pattern of corn to guide production.

1、 The Law of Corn Fertilizer Requirement

The relative quantity and dynamic trend of various nutrients absorbed by corn from external soil during its growth and development process. For the three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, nitrogen is the most abundant, followed by potassium, and phosphorus is the least. Generally, for every 100 kilograms of grain produced, it is necessary to absorb 3.43 kilograms of nitrogen (N), 1.23 kilograms of phosphorus (P2O5), and 3.26 kilograms of potassium (K2O). The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is 3:1:2.8.

It should be pointed out that the amount and speed of nutrient absorption vary at different growth stages. Generally speaking, during the seedling stage of corn, it absorbs less nutrients; Growth increases rapidly from jointing to flowering, with a fast and abundant absorption of nutrients; The absorption rate gradually slows down in the later stage, and the absorption amount also gradually decreases.

According to the nutrient absorption law during the growth period of corn, the fertilization principle for corn is to apply sufficient basal fertilizer, light seedling fertilizer, heavy jointing fertilizer, and skillfully apply granular fertilizer.

2、 Corn fertilization plan:

Based on the law of corn fertilizer demand, corn fertilization should adhere to the principle of "base fertilizer as the main fertilizer and top dressing as the auxiliary" in terms of technology.

(1) Basal fertilizer

Time: Basic fertilizer can be applied at once when the cultivated land is raised, concentrated between 10-15cm of the cultivated layer.

Fertilizer selection: Stanley compound fertilizer (such as corn specific 28-6-8, corn new power 26-10-15, etc.) 40-60kg/acre.

Function: To provide nutrients for the entire growth period of corn and lay a good foundation for high and stable yield.

(2) Seedling fertilizer

Time: After planting.

Fertilizer selection: High nitrogen compound fertilizer (28-6-6, 28-0-0) 10-15kg/mu, and the fertilizer and seedlings should be kept at 10-15cm.

Function: Promote roots, leaves, seedlings, and stems, laying a solid foundation for multiple and large panicles.

(3) Panicle fertilizer

Time: Refers to the period from jointing to tasseling.

Fertilizer selection: High nitrogen compound fertilizer (28-6-6, 32-4-4) 15-25kg/mu, combined with spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate, has a better effect.

Function: This is the key fertilizer that determines the size of fruit ears and the number of grains; During the big bell mouth period, both fertilizer and water can be used to promote larger ears and more grains in summer corn.

(4) Granular fertilizer (root dressing)

Time: booting stage and early filling stage

Fertilizer selection: water-soluble fertilizer with a large amount of elements, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and special functional package.

Function: Applying granular fertilizer can prolong the photosynthesis time of functional leaves, prevent premature aging of roots, stems and leaves, promote filling, and increase grain weight.

remarks:

1. Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in stages, with an appropriate reduction in the proportion of base fertilizer application and an increase in the proportion of topdressing application to avoid a "one shot" approach.

2. Efficient application of potassium fertilizer based on soil potassium status; Pay attention to the combined application of zinc and boron.

3. Fertilizer application should be combined with high-yield and high-quality cultivation techniques such as agricultural machinery and agronomy, reasonable density, and water-saving irrigation, promoting fertilizer strip application, hole application, ammonium calcium nitrate, and slow-release fertilizer technology.

4. For different plots, different corn varieties, and different uses of corn, the fertilization method and fertilizer amount are different, mainly determined by the ideal yield and soil fertilizer supply. With the continuous deepening of soil testing and fertilization technology, regular soil testing should be carried out to determine the fertilizer variety and amount based on yield, maximize fertilizer utilization, reduce input costs, and achieve high economic benefits.