Full process fertilization plan for rice

Rice, as one of the main grains, plays an irreplaceable role in the history of human development. In production practice, scientific fertilization is one of the important measures to ensure rice yield. Faced with a wide variety of fertilizer products in the market, it has become a challenge for farmers to choose the right products and use the correct fertilization methods. Therefore, we should guide production based on the fertilizer requirements of rice to achieve high yield.

1、 The Law of Fertilizer Requirement for Rice

Generally, for every 100 kg of rice produced, 2.25 kg of nitrogen, 1.1 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 2.7 kg of potassium oxide need to be absorbed. N∶ P2O5∶ K2O ≈ 2∶1∶3。

(1) Nitrogen fertilizer absorption pattern

Rice is highly sensitive to nitrogen, which is the most important factor determining rice yield. There are two obvious peaks in nitrogen absorption by rice, one is the tillering stage of rice, which is 2 weeks after transplanting; Secondly, 7-8 weeks after transplanting, if nitrogen supply is insufficient at this time, it often leads to the degradation of spikelets, which is not conducive to high yield.

(2) Phosphorus fertilizer absorption pattern

The absorption of phosphorus by rice is much lower than that of nitrogen, about half of nitrogen. Rice requires phosphorus at all growth stages, and its absorption pattern is similar to the absorption of nitrogen nutrients. The absorption is highest during the seedling and tillering stages, with a peak around 3 weeks after transplanting.

(3) Potassium fertilizer absorption pattern

The absorption of potassium by rice is higher than that of nitrogen, indicating that rice requires more potassium, but its absorption of potassium is basically completed before heading and flowering. The absorption of potassium by seedlings is not high, and the peak of potassium absorption occurs from the peak tillering stage to the jointing stage.

According to the nutrient absorption law during the growth period of rice, the fertilization principle of rice is to apply sufficient basal fertilizer, apply tillering fertilizer early, skillfully apply booting fertilizer, and supplement grain fertilizer.

2、 Rice fertilization plan

Based on the law of rice fertilizer demand, rice fertilization should adhere to the principle of "base fertilizer as the main fertilizer and top dressing as the auxiliary" in terms of technology.

(1) Basal fertilizer

Time: Basic fertilizer can be applied at once during cultivation.

Fertilizer selection: Stanley compound fertilizer (such as 15-15-15, San'an 18-18-18, super rice specific 17-11-13, etc.) 40-60kg/acre.

Function: To provide nutrients for the entire growth period of rice and lay a good foundation for high and stable yield.

(2) Tillering fertilizer

Time: 5-7 days after transplanting.

Fertilizer selection: High nitrogen compound fertilizer (Miaoliwang 28-0, 30-0-5) 15-20kg/mu.

Function: Promote roots, leaves, seedlings, and stems, laying a solid foundation for multiple and large panicles.

(3) Panicle fertilizer

Time: 16-18 days before heading.

Fertilizer selection: High nitrogen compound fertilizer (32-4-4) 10-15kg/mu, combined with spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate and special functional package, has a better effect. Ensure sufficient nutrients are redirected towards reproductive growth in the middle stage, increase the number of spikelets, promote spike size and grain weight, and have the functions of root cultivation, healthy leaves, strong stem, and lodging prevention.

(4) Granular fertilizer (not to be applied in fertile fields to prevent late ripening due to excessive green growth)

Time: 5-10 days after ear emergence

Fertilizer selection: High nitrogen medium potassium compound fertilizer (special for super rice 17-11-13) 10-15kg/mu, combined with spraying Stanley small black bags and Terli functional bags, has a better effect.

Function: Mainly used in areas where the leaves turn green and yellow before heading, promoting plump grains and increasing thousand grain weight.

remarks:

(1) Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in stages, reducing the proportion of base fertilizer application appropriately and increasing the proportion of topdressing application appropriately. In the middle and later stages, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in conjunction with the seedling situation to avoid the occurrence of green and late maturing

(2) Efficient application of potassium fertilizer based on soil potassium status; Pay attention to the combined application of zinc and boron.

(3) Rice is known as a "silicate plant" and should be supplemented with silicon fertilizer in a timely manner, such as calcium magnesium silicon fertilizer.

(4) Fertilizer application should be combined with high-yield and high-quality cultivation techniques such as agricultural machinery and reasonable density.